Every peptide, graded on the evidence.
152 compounds, from approved drugs to grey-market vials. Each one says what it is sold for, what the published studies support, and where the FDA stands as of 2026-10-27.
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How to read a grade
- AProperly tested in people 64
- BPartly tested in people 43
- CNot properly tested in people 40
- DNot tested at all 5
- CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 09
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
Sold as a pill to burn fat and keep muscle.
Studies say
Two mouse studies show less fat. No human studies exist.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 08
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A daily injection that builds bone in people with weak, thinning bones.
Studies say
Fewer broken bones: 0.58% had new spine breaks versus 4.22% on a dummy shot.
Muscle and bone - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 05
- Animal
- 04
- Sources
- 17
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Cream or serum sold as a Botox alternative for expression lines.
Studies say
Mixed: one trial of 60 adults saw fewer wrinkles, another of 19 women saw no clear change.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold as a stronger version of Argireline to relax lines on the eyes and forehead.
Studies say
One 24-person study of a patch with other ingredients. Too little to show it works alone.
Skin - DNo meaningful data
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Put in eye creams to reduce puffy bags under the eyes.
Studies say
No published study shows an effect. The only data come from the maker.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 09
- Route
- Implant
Sold for
An implant for a rare sunlight-pain disease; also pitched as a sunless tan.
Studies say
More pain-free time in sunlight in 168 adults. No trials back tanning.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Weekly diabetes shot that was later taken off the market.
Studies say
Large trials: lowered blood sugar, and fewer heart attacks and strokes (7% vs 9% on placebo).
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Seen as the next weight-loss drug from Novo Nordisk, as a pill or weekly shot.
Studies say
Large weight loss in early trials of up to 36 weeks, but small trials and many dropouts.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A hospital drug to raise blood pressure in patients in shock.
Studies say
In 344 patients it raised blood pressure, but did not clearly help them live longer.
Circulation - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online to burn fat without the other effects of growth hormone.
Studies say
No weight loss in the one big human trial. The fat-burning claim rests on mouse studies.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Weekly shot for people with short bowel syndrome who need feeding through a vein.
Studies say
One trial of 163 adults: 25.5% less IV feeding vs 12.5% on placebo; clearer in people with a stoma.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 03
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Promoted in 2020 and 2021 as a rescue treatment for COVID-19 lung failure.
Studies say
No benefit in a trial of about 460 very sick COVID-19 patients. No better recovery or survival.
Immunity - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
An antibiotic ointment put on cuts and scrapes to stop infection.
Studies say
In 922 patients, infection rates matched plain petroleum jelly. A few had allergic reactions.
Skin - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A drug meant to make chemotherapy work better against breast cancer.
Studies say
No benefit. A trial of 432 patients found no gain from adding it to chemotherapy.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Hospital blood thinner given during heart procedures such as stenting.
Studies say
In 3,602 heart attack patients: less major bleeding (4.9% vs 8.3%), but more early stent clots.
Circulation - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 35
- Sources
- 14
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Sold as a healing shot or pill for tendons, ligaments, muscle and gut.
Studies say
Faster healing in rats, mostly from one lab. The only human data is 12 patients, with no comparison group.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An injection for women with low sexual desire; also sold online as PT-141.
Studies say
In 1,267 women, small gains on questionnaires. No rise in satisfying sex. Nausea in about 40%.
Nervous system - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
A lab-made drug meant to kill resistant germs and block the COVID virus.
Studies say
Works in lab dishes. No published human trial exists for any use.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 05
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 15
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Weekly weight-loss shot, mostly tested together with semaglutide.
Studies say
Alone: about 6% to 11% weight loss at 26 weeks. With semaglutide: about 20% at 68 weeks.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 04
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 12
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A weekly shot combining two hormones, hoped to beat tirzepatide for weight loss.
Studies say
About 20% weight loss over 68 weeks versus 3% on placebo. It missed its goal against tirzepatide.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 06
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
An older hormone drug for weak bones, bone pain and bone disease.
Studies say
One trial showed fewer spine breaks at only one dose. The FDA label says the benefit is not proven.
Muscle and bone - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
A skin cream ingredient sold to guard against sun damage and aging.
Studies say
It helped in lab-grown skin samples. No trial shows a visible benefit on people.
Skin - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 09
- Animal
- 03
- Sources
- 09
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Brain injection promoted for stroke recovery, memory and dementia.
Studies say
Mixed: a review of six trials (1,501 people) found no fewer deaths and more serious side effects.
Nervous system - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A routine IVF shot that stops hormone surges, so eggs are not released too early.
Studies say
Gives the same live-birth rate as older IVF drugs, with fewer cases of ovary overstimulation.
Reproduction - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 08
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold as an injection to build muscle, burn fat and speed recovery.
Studies say
It raises growth hormone for days in small trials. No study shows muscle or fat change.
Muscle and bone - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 03
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in serums to build collagen, firm skin, soften wrinkles and regrow hair.
Studies say
Lab and animal studies look promising, but the one controlled human trial found no skin benefit.
Skin - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A very expensive old hormone injection, used for baby seizures and MS flare-ups.
Studies say
In 29 babies it stopped seizures in 87%, versus 29% on a steroid. Other uses rest on old reports.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A test drug that checks whether the adrenal glands are working properly.
Studies say
The test works well at spotting adrenal failure, based on 679 patients across 13 studies.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Drug that stops the body rejecting a transplanted organ.
Studies say
In 209 kidney recipients, 80% of transplants survived one year, against 64% on older treatment.
Immunity - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Antibiotics for skin infections, two of which need only one or two doses.
Studies say
As good as vancomycin for skin infections. One trial of 1,312 patients gave 79.7% against 79.8%.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A hospital antibiotic for serious bacterial infections of the skin and blood.
Studies say
In 246 patients it cured staph blood infections as often as standard drugs, with less kidney harm.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An emergency pen that treats dangerously low blood sugar in diabetes.
Studies say
It raised blood sugar in 10 minutes, as fast as older kits, in 170 adults.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Nasal
Sold for
Nasal spray promoted to protect brain cells and help memory.
Studies say
One trial of 313 people: no better than placebo after a year.
Nervous system - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A prostate cancer shot that lowers testosterone within days, without an early spike.
Studies say
As good as leuprolide at lowering testosterone over a year, and faster, in 610 men.
Reproduction - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A blood thinner given after hip replacement surgery to prevent leg clots.
Studies say
In 2,079 patients it caused fewer clots than enoxaparin, with similar bleeding.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Approved for excess urine, bleeding disorders and bedwetting; also claimed to boost memory.
Studies say
Works for its approved uses. The memory claim has no support. Low blood salt is the main danger.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Drug for the itching that comes with kidney dialysis.
Studies say
Itch fell a lot for 52% on the drug vs 31% on placebo in 378 dialysis patients.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 04
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
Sold online as a memory booster claimed to grow new brain connections.
Studies say
Helped memory in a few rodent studies. Two were withdrawn. No human data at all.
Nervous system - DNo meaningful data
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Put in face creams to smooth wrinkles, like a muscle-relaxing injection.
Studies say
The only human data come from the maker and a mixed-product study. No independent trial.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 04
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 07
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online as a natural peptide for deeper sleep, pain and withdrawal.
Studies say
Weak effect at best, in small old studies. The best trial had only 16 people.
Nervous system - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Weekly shot that lowers blood sugar and protects the heart.
Studies say
Large trials: lower blood sugar; 12% lower risk of heart attack, stroke or heart death in 9,901 people.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A shot that stops the swelling attacks of hereditary angioedema.
Studies say
Relieved attacks faster than placebo in two trials. About 4% had a severe allergic reaction.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Hospital drugs for serious yeast infections in the blood and body.
Studies say
In trials of 224 and 245 patients, they worked at least as well as older drugs.
Circulation - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A weekly diabetes injection that was shelved for business reasons.
Studies say
Fewer heart attacks and strokes: 7.0% versus 9.2% on a dummy shot, in 4,076 people.
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Drug for energy and muscle problems tied to the cell's power plants.
Studies say
A 12-person trial missed its main goals; a larger trial in 218 people with another condition also failed.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A twice-daily HIV shot for people whose virus had resisted other drugs.
Studies say
Lowered the amount of virus in two trials of people with resistant HIV. Newer drugs have replaced it.
Immunity - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
A daily pill that lowers LDL (bad) cholesterol.
Studies say
Large trials show LDL cut by 56 to 59%. Effect on heart attacks is not known yet.
Gut and weight - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 03
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online as an anti-aging peptide that lengthens life.
Studies say
Animal and lab studies from one research group. No proper human trial of epitalon itself.
Nervous system - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Hospital drug that stops blood clots during heart attacks and stenting.
Studies say
In 10,948 people: death or heart attack in 14.2% vs 15.7% on placebo, with more bleeding.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A dialysis drug that lowers parathyroid hormone without pills.
Studies say
Lowered parathyroid hormone more than placebo and more than the pill cinacalcet in three trials.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 08
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A diabetes injection first made from lizard venom; some use it for weight loss.
Studies say
Trials support it for type 2 diabetes. For weight loss it works only a little.
Hormones - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 06
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold to bodybuilders as a way to grow muscle beyond natural limits.
Studies say
Only two six-patient gene therapy studies. The injectable protein has never been tested in people.
Muscle and bone - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 03
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection sold as a fat burner taken from part of growth hormone.
Studies say
Helped rodents lose fat. Human trials of the same molecule failed to cause weight loss.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A scan that finds neuroendocrine tumors the older scan missed.
Studies say
More accurate than the older scan in 78 patients, and it changed treatment plans in 36%.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An IVF injection that stops eggs releasing before they are collected.
Studies say
In 313 women, pregnancy rates were similar to the older method, with fewer injections.
Reproduction - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 08
- Sources
- 18
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Sold in skin creams and injections for wrinkles, thinning hair and healing.
Studies say
Helps rat wounds heal. No proper human trial exists for skin or hair.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection sold to boost growth hormone for muscle, fat loss and recovery.
Studies say
It raises growth hormone briefly, but the effect fades and no trial measured muscle or fat.
Muscle and bone - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold to raise growth hormone for muscle, fat loss and injury recovery.
Studies say
Raised growth hormone in nine healthy men. Nothing tested for muscle, fat or healing in people.
Muscle and bone - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A gut-growth injection being tested for people on drip feeding.
Studies say
In 106 patients it cut drip feeding at one dosing schedule, not the other.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
An emergency treatment for dangerously low blood sugar in people on insulin.
Studies say
Nose powder and ready pens raise blood sugar as well as the injected kit.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 04
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Antioxidant sold for skin lightening, detox and Parkinson's.
Studies say
Small skin-lightening effect at 2 of 6 sites in 60 students; trials in lung and brain disease failed.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Given to men on testosterone to prevent shrinking testicles and keep fertility.
Studies say
No trial has tested it for this. Evidence comes from men with a different condition.
Reproduction - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Implant
Sold for
An implant that lowers sex hormones, used for prostate and breast cancer and endometriosis.
Studies say
Lowers sex hormones. In 1,640 women it matched chemotherapy for survival in some breast cancers.
Reproduction - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Put in anti-ageing serums to smooth wrinkles.
Studies say
The one controlled trial tested a changed version and was run by the maker.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold to build muscle and protect the heart by raising growth hormone.
Studies say
It raises growth hormone and also stress hormone. Heart benefits are shown only in animals.
Muscle and bone - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Implant
Sold for
Yearly implant that pauses puberty that starts too early.
Studies say
In 36 children, puberty hormones stayed suppressed in all of them for 12 months.
Reproduction - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Used to trigger ovulation and treat low testosterone, and sold illegally for weight loss.
Studies say
Trials support ovulation and low testosterone. No trial supports weight loss, and the FDA has said so.
Reproduction - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 04
- Sources
- 13
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold as an injection for longevity, brain health and blood sugar.
Studies say
It helps nerve cells and insulin in animals. It has never been tested in people.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An injection people carry to stop swelling attacks from hereditary angioedema.
Studies say
It cut time to relief from about 20 hours to 2 hours in 88 adults.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection sold for fast muscle growth where it is injected.
Studies say
Stronger than normal IGF-1 in a dish. No human studies exist.
Muscle and bone - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold as a long-lasting growth factor for muscle gain and fat loss.
Studies say
Works on cells in a dish. It has never been studied in people.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Changed versions of insulin that act faster or last longer.
Studies say
They control blood sugar as well as older insulin, with fewer night-time lows.
Hormones - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online for anti-aging, fat loss and muscle, often with another peptide.
Studies say
Raises growth hormone, but no study shows muscle, fat or aging benefits. The one outcome trial failed.
Muscle and bone - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 04
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 06
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Injection sold to raise sex drive and testosterone.
Studies say
Small trials raised sex hormones and sexual brain responses; the largest had 32 men.
Reproduction - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Sold online to calm inflammation in the gut and skin.
Studies say
Eased gut inflammation in mice. No human data at all.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A monthly injection for a hormone illness and some slow-growing tumors.
Studies say
In 204 patients it slowed tumor growth. It also lowers growth hormone in acromegaly.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
A pill meant to help people with celiac disease handle small amounts of gluten.
Studies say
Mixed results in 626 patients. The last big trial was stopped because it was unlikely to work.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Hormone-blocking drug for prostate cancer and puberty that starts too early.
Studies say
Decades of trials support its approved uses; one trial of 84 children tested puberty doses.
Reproduction - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
A prescription capsule for constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.
Studies say
Beat placebo in several large trials, including one of 804 people over 26 weeks.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 07
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A daily injection for diabetes and weight loss.
Studies say
In 3,731 adults it gave about 8% weight loss. In 9,340 patients it cut heart problems.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A shorter-acting diabetes drug, now sold only combined with insulin.
Studies say
It lowers blood sugar. In 6,068 people it neither helped nor harmed the heart.
Hormones - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 06
- Animal
- 06
- Sources
- 16
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection sold as a natural antibiotic that heals wounds.
Studies say
Two small trials on skin sores had mixed results; no human data on injecting it.
Immunity - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An experimental drug injected into tumors to burst cancer cells and rouse the immune system.
Studies say
Some tumors shrank in an early trial of 39 patients. There was no comparison group.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A radioactive drug given by drip to treat certain gut tumors.
Studies say
In 229 patients it cut the risk of tumor growth or death by 79%.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A radioactive drug that targets advanced prostate cancer cells.
Studies say
Men lived longer: 15.3 months versus 11.3 months in an 831-man trial.
Reproduction - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 07
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 12
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Weekly weight-loss shot, already sold on the gray market.
Studies say
Two trials in China: about 15% weight loss more than placebo over 48 to 60 weeks.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Approved to help very short children grow, but also misused for muscle building.
Studies say
Growth speed about tripled in the first year in 76 children. No trials for other uses.
Hormones - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold as an injection to build muscle and heal faster.
Studies say
Exercise raises the body's own version. No trial has tested injecting it in people.
Muscle and bone - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online as a way to tan without sun and avoid burning.
Studies say
It darkened skin and cut sun damage in 65 people. The approved form treats a rare disease.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection sold for a deep tan, less appetite and better erections.
Studies say
A 1996 study of 3 men: darker skin, erections and nausea. Case reports of harm since.
Skin - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
Sold as a pill that boosts growth hormone for muscle, sleep and healing.
Studies say
Raised growth hormone, but gave only small muscle gain in 65 older adults, with higher blood sugar.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A hospital injection that helps collect stem cells before a myeloma transplant.
Studies say
In 122 patients, 92.5% reached the stem cell target, versus 26% without it.
Circulation - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 07
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online as a way to get the benefits of exercise without training.
Studies say
Helped mice stay lean and run longer. It has never been given to people in a trial.
Hormones - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Antibiotic for a drug-resistant hospital germ.
Studies say
Early studies showed it reaches the blood and cleared germs, but big trials stopped for kidney injury.
Immunity - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Nasal
Sold for
A hormone-lowering nasal spray for endometriosis and early puberty.
Studies say
Shrank endometriosis and eased pain about as well as danazol, with different side effects.
Reproduction - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 01
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A drug being tested for septic shock, a severe reaction to infection.
Studies say
One trial of 355 patients missed its main goal. A hint of benefit showed in some.
Immunity - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 01
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A hormone drip for people in hospital with worsening heart failure.
Studies say
A 7,141-patient trial found little benefit and no extra deaths.
Circulation - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
Pill being tested for rare genetic conditions linked to autism.
Studies say
One trial of 18 children found it was tolerated and scores improved, with no comparison group.
Nervous system - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in creams to fade dark spots by stopping skin pigment.
Studies say
Blocks a pigment signal in cells. No published human trial shows it lightens skin.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A hospital injection for hormone-making tumors and a growth hormone illness.
Studies say
Trials show it lowers growth hormone and slows tumor growth. One trial had 85 patients.
Gut and weight - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in skin serums for faster skin renewal and fewer fine lines.
Studies say
Only small studies without a comparison group, such as one with 18 people.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 11
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 15
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Nasal spray sold for anxiety, bonding and better orgasms.
Studies say
Proven for childbirth. Trials of the nasal spray for anxiety, PTSD and pain mostly found little.
Reproduction - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in anti-aging serums to firm skin and smooth wrinkles.
Studies say
Enters skin samples in the lab. No published human trial shows it changes wrinkles.
Skin - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Put in anti-wrinkle creams, often as Matrixyl, to smooth fine lines.
Studies say
One maker-run trial of 93 women showed a small drop in wrinkles. Nobody has repeated it.
Skin - DNo meaningful data
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in creams to calm skin and reduce wrinkles.
Studies say
No published human trial. Claims come from the maker's own tests.
Skin - DNo meaningful data
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Cream ingredient sold to boost collagen and smooth wrinkles.
Studies say
Published data cover safety only; wrinkle claims rest on the maker's unpublished tests.
Skin - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in anti-aging serums to rebuild skin from within and fill wrinkles.
Studies say
One uncontrolled study of 35 women using a serum with vitamins. The peptide's own effect is unclear.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A daily injection that replaces a missing hormone so people can stop calcium pills.
Studies say
In 84 adults, 79% reached normal calcium without extra pills, versus 5% on placebo.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A hormone injection for low calcium when the parathyroid glands make too little hormone.
Studies say
About 53% of patients could cut their pills by half, versus 2% on a dummy shot.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection for Cushing's disease, a tumor that causes too much cortisol.
Studies say
About one in four reached normal cortisol at six months in 162 people; most got high blood sugar.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
A targeted drug for rare blood, kidney and eye diseases.
Studies say
Beat the older drug on blood levels in 80 patients, and cut protein loss in rare kidney diseases.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A daily injection for acromegaly, too much growth hormone in the body.
Studies say
In 112 patients, the key blood marker went back to normal in about 89% at the top dose.
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A weekly injection for weight loss and fatty liver disease.
Studies say
Liver damage cleared in 52% to 58%, versus 20% on a dummy shot. Scarring did not clearly improve.
Gut and weight - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Cream ingredient sold as a Botox alternative for expression lines.
Studies say
Two small studies of 20 people each reported fewer wrinkles, but neither had a comparison group.
Skin - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Hoped to match GLP-1 weight-loss shots with fewer stomach side effects.
Studies say
About a tenth of body weight lost over 42 weeks, with mild nausea, in one trial.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
A daily pill for long-lasting constipation and constipation-type IBS.
Studies say
In 1,394 adults, about 20% improved, versus 10% on placebo. Diarrhea was the main side effect.
Gut and weight - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
A pill meant to treat ulcerative colitis, a bowel disease.
Studies say
The higher dose missed its goal. The lower dose gave a borderline signal, in 159 people.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Last-resort antibiotics for germs that resist other drugs.
Studies say
They kill resistant germs, but no big trial shows survival gains. Adding meropenem did not help in 406 people.
Immunity - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 06
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 01
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An add-on to mealtime insulin to blunt blood sugar spikes after meals.
Studies say
Lowered blood sugar a little (0.25 to 0.34 points) and weight, with nausea and low sugar risk.
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 07
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 12
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online as a sex-drive and erection booster, mostly to men.
Studies say
In 1,267 women it gave small gains. For men there are only two small 2004 studies.
Nervous system - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 04
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 09
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A weekly injection that has caused the largest weight loss seen in drug trials.
Studies say
People lost up to 24.2% of body weight in 48 weeks, versus 2.1% on a dummy shot.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Shot for a blood disease that makes too many red cells.
Studies say
Two trials: blood counts stayed under control and most needed less blood removal.
Circulation - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A hospital test of the pancreas, once wrongly hyped as an autism cure.
Studies say
Reliably triggers pancreas fluid for testing. A trial of 60 children found no autism benefit.
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Nasal
Sold for
Sold as a nose spray to calm anxiety and sharpen focus.
Studies say
One small Russian trial of 62 patients, with no placebo group, showed anxiety relief.
Nervous system - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A drug meant to raise blood pressure in people in septic shock.
Studies say
No benefit. In 868 adults, days alive and off life support were the same as with a dummy drip.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 11
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 17
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Weekly shot behind Ozempic and Wegovy, for diabetes and weight loss.
Studies say
About 15% weight loss and 20% fewer major heart events. Weight returns after stopping.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 05
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 13
- Route
- Nasal
Sold for
Sold as a nasal spray for memory, focus and recovery after stroke.
Studies say
Russian studies report faster stroke recovery, but none was a blinded placebo trial or repeated elsewhere.
Nervous system - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 10
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 14
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Prescribed by anti-ageing clinics to raise growth hormone for fat loss and muscle.
Studies say
It raises growth hormone, but no trial shows fat loss or muscle gain in healthy adults.
Muscle and bone - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A drug for rare obesity caused by gene or brain problems.
Studies say
Large weight loss in rare forms of obesity, in trials of 10 to 142 patients.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
Hospital drug that makes the gallbladder squeeze for scans.
Studies say
It reliably makes the gallbladder squeeze. A 60-person study standardized how to give it.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A weekly growth hormone shot instead of daily ones.
Studies say
Cut body fat in 301 adults as well as daily shots, and matched daily growth in children.
Hormones - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Lab-made growth hormone, also sold for youth, muscle and fat loss.
Studies say
It restores growth in children who lack the hormone. Labels do not back use in healthy adults.
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 03
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 04
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A weekly injection being tested for weight loss and fatty liver disease.
Studies say
Up to 16.6% weight loss versus 3.2% on a dummy shot; liver damage cleared more often.
Gut and weight - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 10
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Injection sold to heal torn muscles, tendons and ligaments.
Studies say
No published study tests TB-500 for injury. Related full-length protein has only small wound and eye trials.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Helps people with a very short gut absorb more, so they need less drip feeding.
Studies say
Cut the amount of drip feeding in trials, and some people stopped it fully.
Gut and weight - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A daily injection that builds new bone in people with osteoporosis.
Studies say
In 1,637 women, new spine breaks fell from 14% to 5% compared with placebo.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A hospital drug for kidney failure in people with severe liver disease.
Studies say
Kidneys recovered in 32% versus 17% on a dummy drip. No gain in survival.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 06
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 14
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Shot sold to melt belly fat without the risks of growth hormone.
Studies say
In people with HIV, deep belly fat fell about 15% in six months, then returned. One 60-person trial otherwise.
Gut and weight - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 07
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 11
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Clinic injection sold to burn belly fat and raise growth hormone.
Studies say
Cut belly fat about 15% in people with HIV; the fat came back after stopping. One 60-person trial outside HIV.
Hormones - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 06
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 16
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold as an immune booster for infections, cancer support and long COVID.
Studies say
Modest, slow antiviral effect in hepatitis B trials, but no benefit in a 1,106-patient sepsis trial.
Immunity - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 05
- Animal
- 03
- Sources
- 14
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
Sold as an injection to heal tendon, muscle and joint injuries.
Studies say
Small trials look at eye and heart disease. Injecting it for sports injuries was never tested.
Muscle and bone - CAnimal and cell studies
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 02
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Sold online to rejuvenate the thymus gland and balance the immune system.
Studies say
No human trial exists. The immune claims come from mouse experiments.
Immunity - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 08
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 17
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
Weekly shot behind Mounjaro and Zepbound for diabetes and weight loss.
Studies say
Large trials: 15% to 21% weight loss and better blood sugar. Weight returns after stopping.
Gut and weight - DNo meaningful data
- Human
- 00
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 01
- Route
- Topical
Sold for
Sold in anti-aging creams to organise collagen for firmer skin.
Studies say
One paper from its maker showed an effect in a test tube. No human trial is described.
Skin - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A long-acting hormone-lowering injection for prostate cancer and early puberty.
Studies say
In 284 men it lowered testosterone as well as the standard drug.
Reproduction - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 04
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 06
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
First drug for Rett syndrome, a rare genetic brain illness.
Studies say
One trial of 187 people: better scores on caregiver and doctor ratings. Diarrhea in four of five.
Nervous system - BSome human evidence
- Human
- 02
- Animal
- 01
- Sources
- 05
- Route
- Oral
Sold for
Tried for fragile X syndrome and brain injury before its Rett syndrome approval.
Studies say
One 72-person fragile X trial showed a signal at the higher dose. Brain injury work was in rats.
Nervous system - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 03
- Route
- Several routes
Sold for
A last-resort antibiotic for MRSA and a pill for C. diff gut infection.
Studies say
Backed by trials and over 65 years of use. Costs include kidney damage and rising resistance.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Intravenous
Sold for
A hospital drip that raises blood pressure in patients in shock.
Studies say
In 778 patients it raised blood pressure as well as the usual drug, with no survival gain.
Circulation - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
An injection that helps children with achondroplasia grow taller.
Studies say
About 1.6 cm extra growth a year in 121 children. Final adult height is not yet shown.
Muscle and bone - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Implant
Sold for
Cone-snail painkiller given by spinal pump for severe pain.
Studies say
In 111 people, pain improved 53% vs 18% on placebo, with frequent nerve and mood side effects.
Nervous system - AStrong human evidence
- Human
- 01
- Animal
- 00
- Sources
- 02
- Route
- Injection
Sold for
A self-injected shot for myasthenia gravis, instead of hospital infusions.
Studies say
Improved daily symptoms over placebo at 12 weeks in 174 patients, with a risk of meningitis-type infection.
Muscle and bone
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